\u0130NCELEME: FRANZ KAFKA’NIN D\u00d6N\u00dc\u015e\u00dcM K\u0130TABI <\/p>\n
1986 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk bas\u0131m\u0131 yay\u0131mlanan D\u00fcnya Klasikleri aras\u0131nda yer alan Franz Kafka’n\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Kitab\u0131 yazar\u0131n betimleme ve anlat\u0131mda zirveye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yap\u0131tt\u0131r. Yazar menfaate dayal\u0131 aile ili\u015fkilerini, bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f insan psikolojisini ve toplum taraf\u0131ndan yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa itilmeyi bu fantastik eserde t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekli\u011fiyle g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
Franz Kafka Kimdir? <\/p>\n
Mutsuz yazar olarak tan\u0131nan Franz Kafka, 1883 y\u0131l\u0131nda Prag’da do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Yahudi bir ailenin ilk \u00e7ocu\u011fu olan Kafka mutsuz bir \u00e7ocukluk ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Karde\u015flerinden ikisi \u00f6len \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de Nazi zulm\u00fc sonras\u0131 kay\u0131plara kar\u0131\u015fan Kafka k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00e7ocukluk ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 babas\u0131na duydu\u011fu yo\u011fun nefreti eserlerine yans\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1906 y\u0131l\u0131nda hukuk fak\u00fcltesinden mezun olmu\u015f ve avukatl\u0131k yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Max Brod’la tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 edebiyata y\u00f6nelmesi konusunda d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. K\u00f6pr\u00fc, Bir K\u00f6y Hekimi, Babaya Mektuplar, Milena’ya Mektuplar, Dava, \u015eato gibi eserler kaleme alan Kafka’n\u0131n \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki \u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc en \u00e7ok yaymas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kitab\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n
D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Kitab\u0131 \u00d6zeti<\/p>\n
Gregor Samsa, monoton bir hayat s\u00fcren s\u0131radan g\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u015flerle u\u011fra\u015fan bir insand\u0131r. \u0130\u015f yerinde patronu taraf\u0131ndan herg\u00fcn mobbinge maruz kal\u0131r. Fakat ailesine bakma sorumlulu\u011funu y\u00fcklendi\u011fi i\u00e7in zorunluluklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Duygular\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri sorulmayan hatta \u00f6nemsemeyen Gregor her sabah uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kendisini bir b\u00f6cek kadar de\u011fersiz hissetti\u011fini kendisine itiraf etmektedir. Yine bir sabah uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda saate bakar ve i\u015fe ge\u00e7 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce yataktan kalkmak ister. Fakat v\u00fccudu kocaman bir kabukla kapl\u0131 olan Gregor, onlarca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck baca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131ktan ve korkudan ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilemez. Kendisini uyand\u0131rmaya gelen aile \u00fcyelerine kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7mak istemez. Gregor’un patronu i\u015fe ge\u00e7 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in onu azarlamak \u00fczere eve gelir. Kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131nda kocaman \u00e7irkin bir b\u00f6ce\u011fi g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinde kendilerini korumak i\u00e7in Gregor’u yaralayarak ka\u00e7arlar. <\/p>\n
Gregor yeni halini anlamland\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Kokmu\u015f yemek art\u0131klar\u0131 ile beslenir ve sesi bir hayvan sesi gibidir art\u0131k. Bir s\u00fcre sonra aile meclisi toplanarak ondan kurtulmaya karar verir. Oysaki Gregor zaten ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaralar ve psikolojik buhranlar\u0131 nedeniyle hayata veda eder. Aile Gregor’un \u00f6lmesi \u00fczerine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir mesuliyetten kurtulduklar\u0131 ve kendilerini emniyette hissettikleri i\u00e7in mutlu olurlar. <\/p>\n
Franz Kafka’n\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Kitab\u0131 Analizi<\/p>\n
Sanayi Devrimi d\u00f6neminden ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Kitab\u0131 karakterleri zor ge\u00e7inme \u015fartlar\u0131nda maddiyat\u0131 aile ba\u011flar\u0131ndan \u00f6nde tutmaktad\u0131rlar. \u00d6yleki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmden \u00f6nce herg\u00fcn i\u015fe gidip giden ve kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 paray\u0131 ailesine veren Gregor ailesi taraf\u0131ndan sayg\u0131 duyulan biriyken b\u00f6cek olduktan sonra onlar i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir de\u011feri kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Gregor’un bak\u0131m\u0131 aile \u00fcyelerini maddi a\u00e7\u0131dan olduk\u00e7a endi\u015felendirmi\u015ftir. Bu da o d\u00f6nemin \u00e7arp\u0131k aile yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015favurumudur. \u0130\u015fyerinde i\u015fveren taraf\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli psikolojik bask\u0131ya maruz kalan Gregor d\u00f6nem \u015fartlar\u0131nda kapitalist d\u00fczenin birer piyonu olan i\u015f\u00e7ileri temsil etmektedir.
\nAyr\u0131ca Gregor’un b\u00f6ce\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi kendi se\u00e7imiymi\u015f gibi su\u00e7lanarak d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131 sonucunda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bunal\u0131m\u0131 yans\u0131tan Kafka, toplum taraf\u0131ndan yal\u0131t\u0131lan ve d\u0131\u015flanan insanlar\u0131n psikolojini \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde i\u015flemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
Franz Kafka’n\u0131n <\/a>Franz Kafka’n\u0131n <\/a>babas\u0131na besledi\u011fi \u00f6fke ve nefreti en bariz yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eseridir D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Kitab\u0131. S\u0131rf kendisi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in sevgiye lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen ve hisleri \u00f6nemseyen Kafka, babas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kendisinin bir b\u00f6cek gibi de\u011fersiz g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hissetmi\u015ftir. Bunu da t\u00fcm samimiyetiyle kitab\u0131nda i\u015flemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 986 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk bas\u0131m\u0131 ile D\u00fcnya Klasikleri aras\u0131nda yer alan Franz Kafka’n\u0131n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Kitab\u0131 yazar\u0131n betimleme ve anlat\u0131mda zirveye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yap\u0131tt\u0131r. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12981,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"rank_math_focus_keyword":"","rank_math_description":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[66,2],"tags":[184,185,135,186],"class_list":["post-15033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fantastik","category-kitap-ozeti","tag-bocek","tag-donusum","tag-franz-kafka","tag-gregor"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15033","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15033"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15033\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15033"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15033"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfkutuphanesi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15033"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}